I thought Group One's presentation was interesting. I never really thought about the fact that there was a time when Instagram or Twitter wasn't a thing. Instagram began in San Francisco in 2011 and was founded by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger. Instagram became the second-most free downloaded app, which really stood out to me. A positive effect of Instagram is that it allows connections to be made and kept throughout the years. A negative effect is that Instagram takes a toll on young women's self esteem and confidence a lot. Social media, especially Instagram feeds, have shaped young women into thinking they need to look like the models they see online, even if the picture is not real.

Picture retrieved from: Twitter

Twitter was designed by Noah Glass and Jack Dorsey came up with the idea. On March 21st, 2006, "I'm setting up my Twitter," was the first tweet ever. Today, there are over 330 million users, bringing in $1.01 billion in revenue. Twitter also has a major impact on the world today. Twitter is a social media platform which allows users to speak their opinions, while their followers like their Tweet, agree with it or disagree with it.

Picture retrieved from: The App Store

 

 

Another topic that interested me was the first camera phone. It was called a Kyocera Visual Phone (J-SH04)The first camera phone could only take 20 photos. Our phones today can hold thousands and thousands of pictures and videos.

Picture retrieved from: Android Authority 

 

 

In 1927, the first TV was invented. It was a primary source of entertainment during this time. After the war, 1% oh households owned a TV, but by 1952, one in every three households owned a TV. Today, there are many sources of entertainment, but back then, TV was the only one.

Picture Retrieved from: When Guide

Group 1 also talked about Cable TV and the first email as topics, which were also very interesting. 

The postal service started back in 400 BC. It was first used in Egypt, as Pharaohs used couriers to send out orders throughout the state. Paper envelopes were developed in China in 2^nd Century BCE, allowing for letters and money to be kept in. Considering that the first envelopes were made out of cloth, animal skins or vegetable parts, this was a huge step. 

Picture retrieved from: Hip Stamp

In 1653, Frenchman Jean-Jacques Renouard de Villayer established a postal system in Paris. Not only did he set up mailboxes, but he delivered letters to those who used the envelopes that he sold. However, his business did not last long because his customers were scared away when someone put live mice in the mailboxes.

In 1837, the adhesive postage stamp was invented by Rowland Hill. Because of this, England gained their first postage stamp system in 1840. Hill also created the first uniform postage rates based on weight rather than size. This was very impactful because it made the prepayment for postage possible.

The United States Postal Service started in 1775. Benjamin Franklin, a founding father, was the first postmaster general. Aaron Montgomery created the first mail order catalog in 1872. This was impactful because it made it possibly for farmers who had troubles getting to the big city for commerce, buy goods. 

 Picture retrieved from: New York Times

In 1957, Maurice Levy invented the first automatic postal sorter. This could handle 200,000 letters an hour. This was super important because it was able to keep all the mail organized and was more efficient as well as timesaving.

For many reasons, the postal service altogether has been so impactful. The Universal Postal Union includes members from 192 countries. This allows people to give and receive information about important things that used to take much longer to get to them. The overseas postal system and horses were used to give and receive messages about war, etc. This was extremely important because that information needs to get to the people somehow. Communication needed to happen somehow. 

Over the past few years, newspapers, magazines, etc. give us information on what is happening in the world around us. It is crucial to understand what is going on around us and stay informed on the world’s news. 

However, the postal system is not as impactful today as it was years ago. Social media plays a huge part in the decline of the postal system. In 2009 alone, there was a 13% drop in mail volume. The cause of this is undoubtedly the internet. Instead of sending a letter to someone, you can give them a phone call or send them a text message. Regarding giving or receiving information, it can all be found online.

Overall, the postal system has been huge for the world over the years. Although it is not as relevant today because of technological improvements, it is still used and is the root of information and message giving or receiving. 

The postal service started back in 400 BC. It was first used in Egypt, as Pharaohs used couriers to send out orders throughout the state. Paper envelopes were developed in China in 2^nd Century BCE, allowing for letters and money to be kept in. Considering that the first envelopes were made out of cloth, animal skins or vegetable parts, this was a huge step.

In 1653, Frenchman Jean-Jacques Renouard de Villayer established a postal system in Paris. Not only did he set up mailboxes, but he delivered letters to those who used the envelopes that he sold. However, his business did not last long because his customers were scared away when someone put live mice in the mailboxes.

In 1837, the adhesive postage stamp was invented by Rowland Hill. Because of this, England gained their first postage stamp system in 1840. Hill also created the first uniform postage rates based on weight rather than size. This was very impactful because it made the prepayment for postage possible. 

Picture Retrieved from Amazon.

The United States Postal Service started in 1775. Benjamin Franklin, a founding father, was the first postmaster general. Aaron Montgomery created the first mail order catalog in 1872. This was impactful because it made it possibly for farmers who had troubles getting to the big city for commerce, buy goods. 

In 1957, Maurice Levy invented the first automatic postal sorter. This could handle 200,000 letters an hour. This was super important because it was able to keep all the mail organized and was more efficient as well as timesaving.

For many reasons, the postal service altogether has been so impactful. The Universal Postal Union includes members from 192 countries. This allows people to give and receive information about important things that used to take much longer to get to them. The overseas postal system and horses were used to give and receive messages about war, etc. This was extremely important because that information needs to get to the people somehow. Communication needed to happen somehow. 

Over the past few years, newspapers, magazines, etc. give us information on what is happening in the world around us. It is crucial to understand what is going on around us and stay informed on the world’s news. 

However, the postal system is not as impactful today as it was years ago. Social media plays a huge part in the decline of the postal system. In 2009 alone, there was a 13% drop in mail volume. The cause of this is undoubtedly the internet. Instead of sending a letter to someone, you can give them a phone call or send them a text message. Regarding giving or receiving information, it can all be found online. 

Picture Retrieved from Social Media

Overall, the postal system has been huge for the world over the years. Although it is not as relevant today because of technological improvements, it is still used and is the root of information and message giving or receiving. 

Where I got my information from:

 Britannica

Journals.UChicago

ThoughtCo.

Time

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When a fight between an 18-year-old and a 17-year-old broke out in a high school cafeteria, the news spread like wildfire throughout the school. After a teacher was involved, resulting in a head wound, both students were charged with assault. A short story was posted on their website the next day. Before the journalist posted the story, he was told he was not allowed to use the name of the 17-year-old in the story because he was a minor. The journalist then contacted SPLC (Student Press Law Center) for more guidance on what to do.

In 1979, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the First Amendment protects journalists who use the names of minors in "newsworthy" stories as long as what they are publishing is truthful and lawfully obtained. Other courts have ruled that the First Amendment protects journalists who use the names of minors in articles in circumstances like these:

A minor is charged with unauthorized use of a motor vehicle and hit-and-run driving, the name of a 7-year old boy who was brutally beaten, the name of a high school student viciously attacked by his classmates at school, the name and photograph of a 12-year-old who was charged with the attempted murder of a police officer as well as many more so-called "newsworthy" stories like these.

Picture retrieved from:  The Punniest Newspaper Headlines of 2019


In my opinion, I feel like this comes down to morals. As a minor, your parents make most of your decisions for you. For example, if a minor is involved in a beating and the parents of that minor do not want their name published for personal reasons, I feel as though their wish should be honored. As an adult, many things change. You become capable of making many life-changing decisions, but you can also be arrested and go to jail.Your parents are no longer responsible for you. In cases involving adults, I feel like their name should be able to be used in articles without permission.

I also feel as though it is not morally correct to release the name of a twelve-year-old who was charged with attempted murder, without the permission from the parents. To me, it doesn't matter how "newsworthy" or terrible the crime is. This is a child. Journalists should be able to accept and honor the parents' wishes.

Picture retrieved from:  Bill on children’s rights to be brought before Majlis: MP





Article:                     Naming names: Identifying minors

Workers in California are being told that they aren't allowed to speak to reporters when asked to. Instead, they are supposed to refer them to a supervisor. However, the question is now being asked, "Does this violate their First Amendment right of Freedom of Expression?" The answer is simple: absolutely. By denying these employees to speak to reporters, they are taking away their right to express themselves. For example, if something was going on in the company, these employees may want to be honest to the public about it. They are not as worried about covering things up to make the company look better. However, the supervisors may be looking to twist things a little bit to make them not seem as bad. They don't want their employees saying anything about the company that may hurt them, although what they say might be truthful.

The California Department of Tax and Fee Administration, located at 450 N St. in Sacramento. Rich Pedroncelli AP file photo, 2014
Picture retrieved from https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/the-state-worker/article238958093.html

Read more here: https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/the-state-worker/article238958093.html#storylink=cpy

 Simply by accepting these government jobs, it is not right (or constitutional) in any way for these employees to be giving up their American rights. Not only are these restrictions unconstitutional, they may be problematic. For example, let's say an employee was to speak up about a maintenance problem at their workplace that their supervisor did not want the media to know about and the supervisor punishes the employee by firing them. This brings up many other issues, which the company should be punished for, not the employee.
Although in some cases, it may make more sense for a supervisor to speak about something. If reporters are asking questions about something that the supervisor has more access to information about, it may make more sense for the supervisor to speak on it. However, this does not mean that the right for the employee to speak on it should be revoked. They should have the choice, as an American, whether or not they want to express themselves.

Picture retrieved from Why Freedom of Expression Still Matters


Article Link:

Gag clauses for California state workers, public employees might violate First Amendment rights

Read more here: https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/the-state-worker/article238958093.html#storylink=cpy